Advanced Caching Concepts

Building on the basics to create more robust caching systems

Concurrency Control

Managing multiple users updating the same cached data

Thundering Herd

Handling traffic spikes when cache entries expire

Eviction Policies

Deciding what to remove when your cache gets full

Cache Concurrency Control
Managing multiple users accessing the same cached data at the same time.

The Problem

Multiple users try to update the same cached data at once

One user's changes might overwrite another's

Data can become inconsistent or corrupted

Solution Approaches

Locking: Prevent multiple updates at once

Versioning: Track changes with version numbers

Atomic Operations: Make updates uninterruptible

Pessimistic Locking
Lock first, then update
1.

User A locks the data

2.

User B must wait

3.

User A updates and releases lock

4.

User B can now proceed

Prevents conflicts
Users must wait
Optimistic Locking
Update first, check for conflicts after
1.

User A and B read data (version 1)

2.

User A saves (version becomes 2)

3.

User B tries to save version 1

4.

System detects conflict and alerts User B

No waiting
Conflicts possible

Quick Tips

Use atomic operations when possible

Add timestamps to track when data changes

For simple apps, last-writer-wins works well

Consider using a database with built-in concurrency control